Dimensions of Yoga

Insights from T. Krishnamacharya

In the rich tapestry of yoga philosophy, T. Krishnamacharya stands as a towering figure, known for his profound understanding of ancient texts and his innovative approach to yoga. Drawing from his extensive knowledge of the Vedas and the Amarakośa, an ancient Sanskrit thesaurus, Krishnamacharya offered five insightful definitions of Yoga. These definitions provide a comprehensive understanding of yoga, linking its timeless principles with the practicalities of daily life.

1. Sannāha: The Art of Preparation

The first definition, Sannāha, emphasizes the importance of preparation in the journey of yoga. Just as one prepares thoroughly before embarking on a physical journey, the practice of yoga requires mental, physical, and spiritual readiness. This preparation involves cultivating the right mindset, setting intentions, and creating an environment conducive to growth and transformation. Sannāha is a reminder that the journey of yoga is as important as the destination, and thoughtful preparation lays the groundwork for a fulfilling practice.

2. Upāya: The Power of Progress

Upāya, the second definition, celebrates the ability to achieve what was once unattainable. It reflects

the dynamic nature of yoga as a practice of continuous improvement and personal development. Upāya is the concept that today’s efforts lay the foundation for tomorrow’s achievements. In yoga, this might manifest as mastering a complex asana that was initially challenging, or finding deeper levels of meditation with practice. It’s a powerful reminder that yoga is a journey of progress, where each day brings us closer to our potential.

3. Saṁgati: The Union of Elements

Saṁgati, translating to the linking of two objects, resonates deeply with the very essence of yoga - 'to yoke' or 'to unite'. This definition underscores the importance of connection in yoga, be it the union of breath and movement, mind and body, or the individual self with the universal consciousness. Saṁgati is a celebration of the harmonious interplay of different elements in yoga, creating a balanced and integrated whole.

4. Dhyāna: The Focus of Mind

Dhyāna, or continuous focused attention, is perhaps one of the most profound aspects of yoga. It refers to the meditative aspect of the practice, where the mind is fully immersed in the present moment, free from distractions. This intense concentration is not only applicable during meditation but also in all aspects of yoga, including asana and pranayama practices. Dhyāna is the pathway to deep self-awareness and mindfulness, allowing practitioners to experience a state of peace and clarity.

5. Yukti: The Wisdom of Strategy

Finally, Yukti is about the skillful use of tools and strategies to achieve desired outcomes. In the context of yoga, it refers to the intelligent application of techniques, whether it's choosing the right asanas for specific health benefits, using breathwork to balance energy, or employing meditation to achieve mental clarity. Yukti embodies the wisdom of adaptability and resourcefulness, ensuring that the practice of yoga is always relevant and effective in meeting the practitioner's needs.

T. Krishnamacharya's definitions of yoga offer a multifaceted and deeply insightful understanding of this ancient practice. They remind us that yoga is not just a physical exercise but a holistic journey encompassing mental, physical, and spiritual growth. Each definition sheds light on a different aspect of yoga, from preparation and progress to connection, focus, and strategy. Together, they weave a rich tapestry of what yoga truly represents – a path towards harmony, self-improvement, and a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around